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Sambucus nigra ssp. canadensis (L.) R. Bolli
American Elder
USDA SANIC4
Cahuilla Drug, Pediatric Aid
Infusion of blossoms given to newborn babies.
Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 138
Sambucus nigra ssp. canadensis (L.) R. Bolli
American Elder
USDA SANIC4
Cahuilla Drug, Toothache Remedy
Infusion of blossoms used for the teeth.
Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 138
Sambucus nigra ssp. canadensis (L.) R. Bolli
American Elder
USDA SANIC4
Cahuilla Dye, Black
Berry juice used as a black dye for basket materials.
Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 138
Sambucus nigra ssp. canadensis (L.) R. Bolli
American Elder
USDA SANIC4
Cahuilla Dye, Orange
Stems used to make a orange dye.
Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 138
Sambucus nigra ssp. canadensis (L.) R. Bolli
American Elder
USDA SANIC4
Cahuilla Dye, Purple
Berry juice used as a purple dye for basket materials.
Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 138
Sambucus nigra ssp. canadensis (L.) R. Bolli
American Elder
USDA SANIC4
Cahuilla Dye, Yellow
Stems used to make a yellow dye.
Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 138
Sambucus nigra ssp. canadensis (L.) R. Bolli
American Elder
USDA SANIC4
Cahuilla Food, Dried Food
Berries dried for future use.
Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 138
Sambucus nigra ssp. canadensis (L.) R. Bolli
American Elder
USDA SANIC4
Cahuilla Food, Fruit
Berries eaten fresh.
Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 138
Sambucus nigra ssp. canadensis (L.) R. Bolli
American Elder
USDA SANIC4
Cahuilla Food, Preserves
Berries used to make jams and jellies.
Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 138
Sambucus nigra ssp. canadensis (L.) R. Bolli
American Elder
USDA SANIC4
Cahuilla Food, Sauce & Relish
Berries cooked into a rich sauce.
Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 138
Sambucus nigra ssp. canadensis (L.) R. Bolli
American Elder
USDA SANIC4
Cahuilla Other, Toys & Games
Twigs used in making whistles.
Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 138
Sambucus nigra ssp. canadensis (L.) R. Bolli
American Elder
USDA SANIC4
Cherokee Drug, Antirheumatic (Internal)
Infusion of berry used for rheumatism.
Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 33
Sambucus nigra ssp. canadensis (L.) R. Bolli
American Elder
USDA SANIC4
Cherokee Drug, Burn Dressing
Salve used for burns.
Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 33
Sambucus nigra ssp. canadensis (L.) R. Bolli
American Elder
USDA SANIC4
Cherokee Drug, Cathartic
Used as a cathartic.
Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 33
Sambucus nigra ssp. canadensis (L.) R. Bolli
American Elder
USDA SANIC4
Cherokee Drug, Dermatological Aid
Salve used for skin eruptions and infusion taken as tonic for boils.
Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 33
Sambucus nigra ssp. canadensis (L.) R. Bolli
American Elder
USDA SANIC4
Cherokee Drug, Diaphoretic
Infusion of flowers taken to 'sweat out fever.'
Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 33
Sambucus nigra ssp. canadensis (L.) R. Bolli
American Elder
USDA SANIC4
Cherokee Drug, Disinfectant
Leaves used to wash sores to prevent infection.
Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 33
Sambucus nigra ssp. canadensis (L.) R. Bolli
American Elder
USDA SANIC4
Cherokee Drug, Diuretic
Used as a diuretic.
Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 33
Sambucus nigra ssp. canadensis (L.) R. Bolli
American Elder
USDA SANIC4
Cherokee Drug, Emetic
Used as an emetic.
Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 33
Sambucus nigra ssp. canadensis (L.) R. Bolli
American Elder
USDA SANIC4
Cherokee Drug, Kidney Aid
Taken for 'dropsy.'
Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 33
Sambucus nigra ssp. canadensis (L.) R. Bolli
American Elder
USDA SANIC4
Cherokee Drug, Other
Decoction taken for 'summer complaint.'
Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 33
Sambucus nigra ssp. canadensis (L.) R. Bolli
American Elder
USDA SANIC4
Cherokee Drug, Pediatric Aid
Given for 'light sickness among children' and taken for 'dropsy.'
Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 33
Sambucus nigra ssp. canadensis (L.) R. Bolli
American Elder
USDA SANIC4
Cherokee Food, Beverage
Berries used to make wine.
Perry, Myra Jean, 1975, Food Use of 'Wild' Plants by Cherokee Indians, The University of Tennessee, M.S. Thesis, page 32
Sambucus nigra ssp. canadensis (L.) R. Bolli
American Elder
USDA SANIC4
Cherokee Food, Fruit
Fruit used for food.
Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 33
Sambucus nigra ssp. canadensis (L.) R. Bolli
American Elder
USDA SANIC4
Cherokee Food, Pie & Pudding
Berries used to make pie.
Perry, Myra Jean, 1975, Food Use of 'Wild' Plants by Cherokee Indians, The University of Tennessee, M.S. Thesis, page 32
Sambucus nigra ssp. canadensis (L.) R. Bolli
American Elder
USDA SANIC4
Cherokee Food, Preserves
Berries used to make jellies.
Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 33
Sambucus nigra ssp. canadensis (L.) R. Bolli
American Elder
USDA SANIC4
Cherokee Food, Preserves
Berries used to make jelly.
Perry, Myra Jean, 1975, Food Use of 'Wild' Plants by Cherokee Indians, The University of Tennessee, M.S. Thesis, page 32
Sambucus nigra ssp. canadensis (L.) R. Bolli
American Elder
USDA SANIC4
Chickasaw Drug, Analgesic
Infusion of branches applied to head for severe headaches.
Taylor, Linda Averill, 1940, Plants Used As Curatives by Certain Southeastern Tribes, Cambridge, MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 58
Sambucus nigra ssp. canadensis (L.) R. Bolli
American Elder
USDA SANIC4
Chippewa Drug, Emetic
Infusion of roots taken as an emetic.
Gilmore, Melvin R., 1933, Some Chippewa Uses of Plants, Ann Arbor. University of Michigan Press, page 142
Sambucus nigra ssp. canadensis (L.) R. Bolli
American Elder
USDA SANIC4
Chippewa Food, Dried Food
Fruit dried for winter use.
Gilmore, Melvin R., 1933, Some Chippewa Uses of Plants, Ann Arbor. University of Michigan Press, page 142
Sambucus nigra ssp. canadensis (L.) R. Bolli
American Elder
USDA SANIC4
Chippewa Food, Fruit
Fruit eaten fresh.
Gilmore, Melvin R., 1933, Some Chippewa Uses of Plants, Ann Arbor. University of Michigan Press, page 142
Sambucus nigra ssp. canadensis (L.) R. Bolli
American Elder
USDA SANIC4
Choctaw Drug, Liver Aid
Decoction of seeds and roots taken for liver troubles.
Taylor, Linda Averill, 1940, Plants Used As Curatives by Certain Southeastern Tribes, Cambridge, MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 58
Sambucus nigra ssp. canadensis (L.) R. Bolli
American Elder
USDA SANIC4
Creek Drug, Breast Treatment
Poultice of pounded roots applied to swollen breasts.
Taylor, Linda Averill, 1940, Plants Used As Curatives by Certain Southeastern Tribes, Cambridge, MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 58
Sambucus nigra ssp. canadensis (L.) R. Bolli
American Elder
USDA SANIC4
Creek Drug, Gynecological Aid
Poultice of pounded root or stalk skin applied to women for swollen breast.
Swanton, John R, 1928, Religious Beliefs and Medical Practices of the Creek Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #42:473-672, page 661
Sambucus nigra ssp. canadensis (L.) R. Bolli
American Elder
USDA SANIC4
Dakota Food, Beverage
Blossoms dipped in hot water to make a pleasant drink.
Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 115
Sambucus nigra ssp. canadensis (L.) R. Bolli
American Elder
USDA SANIC4
Dakota Food, Fruit
Fresh fruit used for food.
Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 115
Sambucus nigra ssp. canadensis (L.) R. Bolli
American Elder
USDA SANIC4
Dakota Other, Toys & Games
Larger stems used by small boys to make popguns.
Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 115
Sambucus nigra ssp. canadensis (L.) R. Bolli
American Elder
USDA SANIC4
Delaware Drug, Blood Medicine
Leaves and stems used as a blood purifier.
Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1972, Folk Medicine of the Delaware and Related Algonkian Indians, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission Anthropological Papers #3, page 31
Sambucus nigra ssp. canadensis (L.) R. Bolli
American Elder
USDA SANIC4
Delaware Drug, Dermatological Aid
Poultice of bark scrapings applied to sores, swellings and wounds.
Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1972, Folk Medicine of the Delaware and Related Algonkian Indians, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission Anthropological Papers #3, page 31
Sambucus nigra ssp. canadensis (L.) R. Bolli
American Elder
USDA SANIC4
Delaware Drug, Liver Aid
Leaves and stems used for jaundice.
Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1972, Folk Medicine of the Delaware and Related Algonkian Indians, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission Anthropological Papers #3, page 31
Sambucus nigra ssp. canadensis (L.) R. Bolli
American Elder
USDA SANIC4
Delaware Drug, Pediatric Aid
Infusion of flowers used for infants with colic.
Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1972, Folk Medicine of the Delaware and Related Algonkian Indians, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission Anthropological Papers #3, page 31
Sambucus nigra ssp. canadensis (L.) R. Bolli
American Elder
USDA SANIC4
Delaware, Oklahoma Drug, Blood Medicine
Leaves and stems used as a blood purifier.
Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1942, A Study of Delaware Indian Medicine Practice and Folk Beliefs, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission, page 26, 78
Sambucus nigra ssp. canadensis (L.) R. Bolli
American Elder
USDA SANIC4
Delaware, Oklahoma Drug, Dermatological Aid
Poultice or salve of bark scrapings applied to wounds, sores and swellings.
Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1942, A Study of Delaware Indian Medicine Practice and Folk Beliefs, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission, page 26, 78
Sambucus nigra ssp. canadensis (L.) R. Bolli
American Elder
USDA SANIC4
Delaware, Oklahoma Drug, Gastrointestinal Aid
Infusion of flowers given to infants for colic.
Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1942, A Study of Delaware Indian Medicine Practice and Folk Beliefs, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission, page 26, 78
Sambucus nigra ssp. canadensis (L.) R. Bolli
American Elder
USDA SANIC4
Delaware, Oklahoma Drug, Liver Aid
Leaves and stems used for jaundice.
Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1942, A Study of Delaware Indian Medicine Practice and Folk Beliefs, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission, page 26
Sambucus nigra ssp. canadensis (L.) R. Bolli
American Elder
USDA SANIC4
Delaware, Oklahoma Drug, Pediatric Aid
Infusion of flower given to infants for colic.
Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1942, A Study of Delaware Indian Medicine Practice and Folk Beliefs, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission, page 26
Sambucus nigra ssp. canadensis (L.) R. Bolli
American Elder
USDA SANIC4
Diegueno Drug, Febrifuge
Infusion of fresh or dried blossoms given to babies with fever.
Hedges, Ken, 1986, Santa Ysabel Ethnobotany, San Diego Museum of Man Ethnic Technology Notes, No. 20, page 41
Sambucus nigra ssp. canadensis (L.) R. Bolli
American Elder
USDA SANIC4
Diegueno Drug, Laxative
Infusion of fresh or dried blossoms used as an enema.
Hedges, Ken, 1986, Santa Ysabel Ethnobotany, San Diego Museum of Man Ethnic Technology Notes, No. 20, page 41
Sambucus nigra ssp. canadensis (L.) R. Bolli
American Elder
USDA SANIC4
Diegueno Drug, Pediatric Aid
Infusion of fresh or dried blossoms given to babies with fever.
Hedges, Ken, 1986, Santa Ysabel Ethnobotany, San Diego Museum of Man Ethnic Technology Notes, No. 20, page 41
Sambucus nigra ssp. canadensis (L.) R. Bolli
American Elder
USDA SANIC4
Diegueno Food, Fruit
Berries eaten fresh.
Hedges, Ken, 1986, Santa Ysabel Ethnobotany, San Diego Museum of Man Ethnic Technology Notes, No. 20, page 41